chown flags & options

-R, --recursive

Operate on files and directories recursively.

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html

-v, --verbose

Output a diagnostic for every file processed.

chown -v alice:developers report.txt

--reference

Set ownership to match another file.

chown --reference=template.conf app.conf

user:group

Set owner and group at once using colon-separated syntax.

chown alice:staff project/
chown alice file.txt
chown :staff file.txt

-c, --changes

Report only when a change is made.

chown -c -R deploy:deploy /opt/app

-h, --no-dereference

Affect symbolic links instead of referenced files.

chown -h alice:staff symlink.txt